historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)-及38嫗
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well chosen as a specimen of Buchanan's style�察�without seeing that we are
face to face with a genius of a very lofty order�此�not�察�indeed�察�of the loftiest
for there is always in Buchanan's work�察 �it seems to me�察 �a want of
unconsciousness�察�and a want of tendernessbut still a genius worthy to be
placed beside those ancient writers from whom he took his manner。
Whether or not we agree with his contemporaries�察 �who say that he
equalled Virgil in Latin poetry�察�we may place him fairly as a prose writer
by the side of Demosthenes�察�Cicero�察�or Tacitus。 And so I pass from this
painful subject�察�only quotingif I may be permitted to quoteMr。 Burton's
wise and gentle verdict on the whole。 ;Buchanan�察─ �he says�察 �though a
zealous Protestant�察�had a good deal of the Catholic and sceptical spirit of
Erasmus�察�and an admiring eye for everything that was great and beautiful。
Like the rest of his countrymen�察�he bowed himself in presence of the lustre
that surrounded the early career of his mistress。 More than once he
expressed his pride and reverence in the inspiration of a genius deemed by
his contemporaries to be worthy of the theme。 There is not�察�perhaps�察�to
be found elsewhere in literature so solemn a memorial of shipwrecked
hopes�察�of a sunny opening and a stormy end�察�as one finds in turning the
leaves of the volume which contains the beautiful epigram ;Nympha
Caledoniae; in one part�察 �the ;Detectio Mariae Reginae; in another�察 �and
this contrast is�察�no doubt�察�a faithful parallel of the reaction in the popular
mind。 This reaction seems to have been general�察�and not limited to the
Protestant party�察�for the conditions under which it became almost a part of
the creed of the Church of Rome to believe in her innocence had not
arisen。;
If Buchanan�察�as some of his detractors have thought�察�raised himself by
subserviency to the intrigues of the Regent Murray�察 �the best heads in
Scotland seem to have been of a different opinion。 The murder of
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Murray did not involve Buchanan's fall。 He had avenged it�察�as far as pen
could do it�察�by that ;Admonition Direct to the Trew Lordis�察─�in which he
showed himself as great a master of Scottish�察 �as he was of Latin prose。
His satire of the ;Chameleon�察─ �though its publication was stopped by
Maitland�察 �must have been read in manuscript by many of those same
;True Lords�察─�and though there were nobler instincts in Maitland than any
Buchanan gave him credit for�察 �the satire breathed an honest indignation
against that wily turncoat's misgoings�察�which could not but remend the
author to all honest men。 Therefore it was�察�I presume�察�and not because
he was a rogue�察 �and a hired literary spadassin�察 �that to the best heads in
Scotland he seemed so useful�察 �it may be so worthy�察 �a man�察 �that he be
provided with continually increasing employment。 As tutor to James I。�察�
as director�察�for a short time�察�of the chancery�察�as keeper of the privy seal�察�
and privy councillor�察�as one of the missioners for codifying the laws�察�
and againfor in the semi´anarchic state of Scotland�察�government had to
do everything in the way of organisationin the mittee for
promulgating a standard Latin grammar�察 �in the mittee for reforming
the University of St。 Andrew's�此 �in all these Buchanan's talents were
again and again called for�察 �and always ready。 The value of his work�察�
especially that for the reform of St。 Andrew's�察�must be judged by Scotsmen�察�
rather than by an Englishman�察 �but all that one knows of it justifies
Melville's sentence in the well´known passage in his memoirs�察�wherein he
describes the tutors and household of the young king。 ;Mr。 George was a
Stoic philosopher�察�who looked not far before him�察─�in plain words�察�a high´
minded and right´minded man�察�bent on doing the duty which lay nearest
him。 The worst that can be said against him during these times is�察�that
his name appears with the sum of 100 pounds against it�察�as one of those
;who were to be entertained in Scotland by pensions out of England�察─�and
Ruddiman�察�of course�察�ments on the fact by saying that Buchanan ;was
at length to act under the threefold character of malcontent�察�reformer�察�and
pensioner�此─�but it gives no proof whatsoever that Buchanan ever received
any such bribe�察�and in the very month�察�seemingly�察�in which that list was
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written10th March�察�1579Buchanan had given a proof to the world that
he was not likely to be bribed or bought�察 �by publishing a book�察 �as
offensive probably to Queen Elizabeth as it was to his own royal pupil�察�
namely�察 �his famous ;De Jure Regni apud Scotos�察─ �the very primer�察�
according to many great thinkers�察�of constitutional liberty。 He dedicates
that book to King James�察 �not only as his monitor�察 �but also as an
importunate and bold exactor�察�which in these his tender and flexible years
may conduct him in safety past the rocks of flattery。; He has
plimented James already on his abhorrence of flattery�察 �his inclination
far above his years for undertaking all heroical and noble attempts�察 �his
promptitude in obeying his instructors and governors�察 �and all who give
him sound admonition�察 �and his judgment and diligence in examining
affairs�察�so that no man's authority can have much weight with him unless it
be confirmed by probable reasons。; Buchanan may have thought that
nine years of his stern rule had eradicated some of James's ill conditions�察�
the petulance which made him kill the Master of Mar's sparrow�察�in trying
to wrest it out of his hand�察�the carelessness with whichif the story told by
Chytraeus�察�on the authority of Buchanan's nephew�察�be trueJames signed
away his crown to Buchanan for fifteen days�察 �and only discovered his
mistake by seeing Bachanan act in open court the character of King of
Scots。 Buchanan had at last made him a scholar�察�he may have fancied that
he had made him likewise a manful man�此 �yet he may have dreaded that�察�
as James grew up�察�the old inclinations would return in stronger and uglier
shapes�察�and that flattery might be�察�as it was after all�察�the cause of James's
moral ruin。 He at least will be no flatterer。 He opens the dialogue
which he sends to the king�察 �with a calm but distinct assertion of his
mother's guilt�察 �and a justification of the conduct of men who were now
most of them past helping Buchanan�察 �for they were laid in their graves�察�
and then goes on to argue fairly�察 �but to lay down firmly�察 �in a sort of
Socratic dialogue�察�those very principles by loyalty to which the House of
Hanover has reigned�察 �and will reign�察 �over these realms。 So with his
History of Scotland�察�later antiquarian researches have destroyed the value