小牛电子书 > 其他电子书 > VB2008从入门到精通(PDF格式英文版) >

第91章

VB2008从入门到精通(PDF格式英文版)-第91章

小说: VB2008从入门到精通(PDF格式英文版) 字数: 每页3500字

按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!




           pieces in place; and when called will seem like it functions。 The echo part es in when the  

           end piece of functionality is called and it returns the data that was sent to it。 In essence; the end  

           piece is acting like an echo。 The cleverness behind the echo is that it requires no implementa

           tion; yet it demonstrates the plete flow of data and whether that data flow is workable。 

                The echo program is not a final program。 The echo program is a temporary solution for an  

           intermediate goal。 When building an application with intermediate goals; you are using an  

           iterative development technique。 The iterations are not visible to your other team members  

           and are pletely private。 However; the iterations will keep you focused on solving a problem;  

           rather than trying to implement a large piece of code that you will not be able to fully test for  

           a while。 

                Test…driven development; for the most part; is a bottom…up development approach。 You  

           develop a core piece of functionality; test it; and then write code that uses the tested piece of  


…………………………………………………………Page 275……………………………………………………………

                                                           CH A PT E R   1 0   ■    L E A R N I N G   A B O U T  P E R S IS T E N CE 253 



functionality。 But sometimes you need to develop in a top…down fashion。 I typically develop  

code top…down when I am trying to nail down an overall architecture。 The problem with devel

oping top…down is that you don’t yet have the bottom code。 In other words; you are writing  

code with no working code。 So that your code does have some meaning; you develop an echo。  

The echo solves the problem of working code and allows you to focus on getting the individual  

pieces to fit together。 Once the pieces are working; and the echo was successful; you can start  

filling in the implementations。 Some developers call the echo a  mock implementation。 

      Here; I’ll explain developing the sample application by assembling individual pieces in a  

top…down manner; focusing on getting a single echo implemented。 Then once the overall flow  

is plete; the individual pieces will be implemented pletely。 Figure 10…2 illustrates  

a plete architecture for the lottery…prediction program; including the pipeline for the  

TextProcessor console application。 



Figure 10…2。 Architecture of a reader/writer application using a general assembly 



Reading and Writing to a Stream 



For developing the lottery…prediction application; we’ll use a piece of bootstrap code to initiate  

the reading and writing library; which then calls the specific implementation。 Bootstrap code is  

code that does not actually perform the processing; but is responsible for setting up and initi

ating another piece of source code that will do the processing。  

      This is the same sort of architecture as we set up in Chapter 8’s example; for the applica

tion to control the lights of a building。 In that case; the controller was a generic piece of software  

that called an interface; but did not know about the individual implementations。 The focus  

there was on developing the room implementations; and the lighting controller was left as a  

nebulous to…do task。 Here; we’ll go through the creation of a plete working application;  

including the controller and implementation。 Note this chapter is light on testing routines;  

both for brevity and because one of the exercises at the end of the chapter is for you to e up  

with a testing plan。 

     We want to be able to process the following mand line。  



type lotto。txt | TextProcessor。exe 


…………………………………………………………Page 276……………………………………………………………

254       CH AP T E R   1 0   ■    L E A R N I N G   A B OU T   P E R S IS TE N CE 



                If TextProcessor。exe cannot read the data from the pipe; an exception will be thrown at  

          the console level; indicating that the piped data was not read。 



          ■Note  For the application to work; the lotto。txt and TextProcessor。exe files must be in the same  

          directory。 By default; TextProcessor。exe is in the  'Visual Studio project'bindebug directory。  

          Copy TextProcessor。exe into the lotto。txt directory; or vice versa; or you could even copy them both  

           into another directory。 



                In the architecture of TextProcessor; the bootstrap code is in the ReaderWriter project。  

          The TextProcessor console application must call the bootstrap code and instantiate a local  

          type that has implemented the IProcessor interface。 The Main() method of TextProcessor is  

          implemented as follows (this is the best time to add a reference to the ReaderWriter project by  

          right…clicking TextProcessor and choosing Add Reference  Projects  ReaderWriter): 



           Imports ReaderWriter 



           Public Module Module1 

              Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) 

                  Bootstrap。Start(args; New LottoTicketProcessor()) 

              End Sub 

           End Module 



                TextProcessor。Main() passes all of the given arguments (contained in the  args array) to  

          the actual processing routine (Bootstrap。Start())。 The  LottoTicketProcessor class imple

          ments the IProcessor interface and will serve for the temporary purpose of echoing data。 The  

           IProcessor interface is defined in the  ReaderWriter project as follows: 



           Public Interface IProcessor 

              Function Process(ByVal input As String) As String 

           End Interface 



                The IProcessor interface has a single method  Process(); which accepts a string to be  

          processed; and the return value is the processed string。 

                The implementation of  LottoLibrary。LottoTicketProcessor is as follows (remember to  

          add a reference to ReaderWriter): 



           Imports ReaderWriter 



           ' TODO: Finish implementing the class 

           Public Class LottoTicketProcessor : Implements IProcessor  

              Public Function Process(ByVal input As String) As String _ 

              Implements IProcessor。Process 

                  Return input 

              End Function 

           End Class 


…………………………………………………………Page 277……………………………………………………………

                                                         CH A PT E R   1 0   ■    L E A R N I N G   A B O U T  P E R S IS T E N CE 255 



     The implementation of the  Process() method takes the input parameter and returns it as  

the answer。 There is no processing at the moment; just a redirection of the data。 

     Now let’s look at implementing the ReaderWriter project。 For this first phase; the reader/ 

writer will also be minimal; so that we can see that all of the pieces are in place and working。  

The first phase will assume that the data is received on the console and will be sent on the  

console。 Here is the implementation of ReaderWriter。Bootstrap module: 



Imports System。IO 



    Public Module Bootstrap  

        Public Sub Start(ByVal args() As String; ByVal processor As IProcessor)  

            Dim reader As TextReader = Console。In 

            Dim writer As TextWriter = Console。Out 



            writer。Write(processor。Process(reader。ReadToEnd())) 

        End Sub 

    End Module 



     The implementation performs two main steps: assign the streams and manipulate the  

streams。 In the puting world; streams are wonderful things; because they are a generic  

concept like string buffers。 A stream could be a text file; console input; or even a network  

connection。 A stream can be text…based or binary…based; with or without a formatted protocol。  

Thus; when processing a stream; you don’t work specifically with the console or a file; but use  

interfaces like Syst

返回目录 上一页 下一页 回到顶部 2 2

你可能喜欢的